导致用户电力设备故障或误操作的电压电流或频率的静态偏差和动态扰动都统称为电能质量问题。其表现为:电压、频率有效值的变化;电压波动和闪变、电压暂降、短时中断和三相电压不平衡、谐波;暂态和瞬态过电压以及这些参数变化的幅度。电能和其他产品有所不同,发、输、变、配和用是同时完成的,发、输、变、配和用电设备是连接在一个系统。因此,电能质量不但取决于发、输、变和配这些环节,而且还取决于用电这个环节;电能质量不但取决于发、输、变和配的勘测、设计、施工、运行这些环节,而且取决于用电的勘测、设计、施工、运行这些环节。如果说电能质量是一个环境,那么这个环境需要上述各方特别是电力部门和各个环节的协调配合,共同努力来创造。
随着国民经济的发展和人民生活的提高,对电能质量的要求不断提高,对电能质量标准的要求也在不断提高。近年来,国家发布了一批电能质量标准,基本适应了供需双方在生产运行中的要求。

It is an important factor that affects the normal operation of power supply, power consumption system and electrical equipment, and is closely related to national life. Therefore, a series of power quality standards have been published by relevant national departments, including GB / T 18481-2001 power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage, GB / T 12325-2008 power quality supply voltage deviation, and GB / T 12326-2008 "Short time voltage fluctuation and power quality standard" and "power quality standard for short-term voltage dips" and "power quality standard (GB 15945-2008)", "power quality standard for short-term voltage dips and power quality (GB 15945-2008)".

Power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage (GB / T 18481-2001)

"GB / T 18481-2001 power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage" aims to specify the requirements of power quality related to temporary and transient overvoltage, the corresponding insulation level of electrical equipment and overvoltage protection methods. Detailed provisions on this can be found in relevant standards. Therefore, this standard does not replace the published standards, but gives a brief description of such overvoltage characteristics and related issues from the perspective of power quality. Compared with the Chinese voltage content of foreign power quality standards, it is more detailed.

This standard specifies the requirements of temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage acting on electrical equipment in AC power system, insulation level of electrical equipment, and overvoltage protection methods.

In case of over-voltage power quality problems, it shall be implemented according to the provisions of this standard, combined with the characteristics of power grid, equipment and practical environment, and refer to relevant professional standards.

This standard does not apply to overvoltage caused by static electricity, touching high-voltage system and steady-state waveform distortion (harmonics).

Detailed power quality standard download:

Power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage (GB / T 18481-2001)

"GB / T 12325-2008 power quality supply voltage deviation" stipulates the limit value, measurement and qualification rate statistics of power supply voltage deviation. This standard is applicable to the deviation between the supply voltage and the nominal voltage of the AC 50 Hz power system under normal operation conditions.

This power quality standard clearly defines the terms and definitions of power supply voltage deviation, and describes the limitation and measurement of power supply voltage deviation in detail.

Detailed power quality standard download:

Power quality voltage fluctuation and flicker (GB / T 12326-2008)

"GB / T 12326-2008 power quality voltage fluctuation and flicker" specifies the limit value of voltage fluctuation and flash edge, and the test, calculation and evaluation methods. It is suitable for the situation that the voltage of the common connection point changes rapidly due to the fluctuating load under the normal operation mode of AC 50 Hz power system, and it may cause obvious feeling of light flicker.

This power quality standard standardizes the terms and definitions of voltage fluctuation and flicker, makes clear requirements for the current situation of voltage fluctuation and flicker, and describes the measurement and calculation of voltage fluctuation and flicker.

Detailed power quality standard download:

IV GB / T 15945-2008 power quality power system frequency deviation

GB / T 15945-2008 power quality power system frequency deviation specifies the limit value, measurement and statistical method of qualified rate of power system frequency deviation with nominal frequency of 50 Hz. This standard is not applicable to the frequency deviation limits of electrical equipment.

Detailed power quality standard download:

Power quality voltage sag and short time interruption (GB / T 30137-2013)

GB / T 30137-2013 power quality voltage sag and short-term interruption specifies the indicators, test, statistics and evaluation methods of voltage sag and short-term interruption, which is applicable to AC 50 Hz power system.

This power quality standard standardizes the terms and definitions of voltage sag and short-term interruption, clearly indicates the recommended indicators of voltage sag and short-term interruption, describes in detail the detection and calculation methods of voltage sag and short-term interruption, and makes detailed requirements for technical requirements of detection instruments.

Detailed power quality standard download:

6 GB / T 24337-2009 power quality harmonics in public power grid

This part of GB / T 24337-2009 power quality harmonics in public power grid specifies the allowable limit value and measurement method of harmonic voltage in public power grid, which is applicable to the public power grid with AC rated frequency of 50 Hz and nominal voltage of 220 kV and below.

This power quality standard has made a plan for the terms and definitions of electric energy, made clear requirements for the limit value of power quality, and made a clear specification for the measurement value, measurement conditions and accuracy of measuring instruments.

一GB/T 18481-2001 电能质量 暂时过电压和瞬态过电压

It is an important factor that affects the normal operation of power supply, power consumption system and electrical equipment, and is closely related to national life. Therefore, a series of power quality standards have been published by relevant national departments, including GB / T 18481-2001 power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage, GB / T 12325-2008 power quality supply voltage deviation, and GB / T 12326-2008 "Short time voltage fluctuation and power quality standard" and "power quality standard for short-term voltage dips" and "power quality standard (GB 15945-2008)", "power quality standard for short-term voltage dips and power quality (GB 15945-2008)".

Power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage (GB / T 18481-2001)

"GB / T 18481-2001 power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage" aims to specify the requirements of power quality related to temporary and transient overvoltage, the corresponding insulation level of electrical equipment and overvoltage protection methods. Detailed provisions on this can be found in relevant standards. Therefore, this standard does not replace the published standards, but gives a brief description of such overvoltage characteristics and related issues from the perspective of power quality. Compared with the Chinese voltage content of foreign power quality standards, it is more detailed.

This standard specifies the requirements of temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage acting on electrical equipment in AC power system, insulation level of electrical equipment, and overvoltage protection methods.

In case of over-voltage power quality problems, it shall be implemented according to the provisions of this standard, combined with the characteristics of power grid, equipment and practical environment, and refer to relevant professional standards.

This standard does not apply to overvoltage caused by static electricity, touching high-voltage system and steady-state waveform distortion (harmonics).

Detailed power quality standard download:

Power quality temporary overvoltage and transient overvoltage (GB / T 18481-2001)

"GB / T 12325-2008 power quality supply voltage deviation" stipulates the limit value, measurement and qualification rate statistics of power supply voltage deviation. This standard is applicable to the deviation between the supply voltage and the nominal voltage of the AC 50 Hz power system under normal operation conditions.

This power quality standard clearly defines the terms and definitions of power supply voltage deviation, and describes the limitation and measurement of power supply voltage deviation in detail.

Detailed power quality standard download:

Power quality voltage fluctuation and flicker (GB / T 12326-2008)

"GB / T 12326-2008 power quality voltage fluctuation and flicker" specifies the limit value of voltage fluctuation and flash edge, and the test, calculation and evaluation methods. It is suitable for the situation that the voltage of the common connection point changes rapidly due to the fluctuating load under the normal operation mode of AC 50 Hz power system, and it may cause obvious feeling of light flicker.

This power quality standard standardizes the terms and definitions of voltage fluctuation and flicker, makes clear requirements for the current situation of voltage fluctuation and flicker, and describes the measurement and calculation of voltage fluctuation and flicker.

Detailed power quality standard download:

IV GB / T 15945-2008 power quality power system frequency deviation

GB / T 15945-2008 power quality power system frequency deviation specifies the limit value, measurement and statistical method of qualified rate of power system frequency deviation with nominal frequency of 50 Hz. This standard is not applicable to the frequency deviation limits of electrical equipment.

Detailed power quality standard download:

Power quality voltage sag and short time interruption (GB / T 30137-2013)

GB / T 30137-2013 power quality voltage sag and short-term interruption specifies the indicators, test, statistics and evaluation methods of voltage sag and short-term interruption, which is applicable to AC 50 Hz power system.

This power quality standard standardizes the terms and definitions of voltage sag and short-term interruption, clearly indicates the recommended indicators of voltage sag and short-term interruption, describes in detail the detection and calculation methods of voltage sag and short-term interruption, and makes detailed requirements for technical requirements of detection instruments.

Detailed power quality standard download:

6 GB / T 24337-2009 power quality harmonics in public power grid

This part of GB / T 24337-2009 power quality harmonics in public power grid specifies the allowable limit value and measurement method of harmonic voltage in public power grid, which is applicable to the public power grid with AC rated frequency of 50 Hz and nominal voltage of 220 kV and below.

This power quality standard has made a plan for the terms and definitions of electric energy, made clear requirements for the limit value of power quality, and made a clear specification for the measurement value, measurement conditions and accuracy of measuring instruments.

中国标准

GB/T 32507-2016 电能质量 术语

GB/T 12325-2008 电能质量 供电电压偏差

GB/T 12326-2008 电能质量 电压波动和闪变

GB/T 14549-1993 电能质量 公用电网谐波

本标准规定了公用电网谐波的允许值及其测试方法。 本标准适用于交流额定频率为50Hz,标称电压110kV及以下的公用电网。本标准不适用于暂态现象和短时间谐波

GB/T 15543-2008 电能质量 三相电压不平衡度

GB/T 15945-2008 电能质量 电力系统频率偏差

GB/T 18481-2001 电能质量 暂时过电压和瞬态过电压

GB/T 24337-2009 电能质量 公用电网间谐波

GB/T 30137-2013 电能质量 电压暂降与短时中断

GB/T 19862-2016 电能质量 电能质量监测设备通用要求

IEC 标准

IEC TR 61000-1-1:1992 电磁兼容性(EMC) 第1部分:总则 第1节:基本术语和定义的应用与解释

This report describes and interprets terms of basic importance to concepts and practical applications in the design and evaluation of electromagnetically compatible systems

美国标准

IEEE 519-2014 Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems 电力系统中谐波控制推荐规程和要求

IEEE 1100-2005 IEEE Recommended Practice for Powering and Grounding Electronic Equipment 供电和接地电子设备推荐规程

IEEE 1159.3 Recommended Practice for the Transfer of Power Quality Data 电能质量数据传输推荐规程